An Apology of the Church of England

Apologia Ecclesiae Anglicanae (1562)

John Jewel, Bishop of Salisbury — Englished by Anne Cooke Bacon, 1564

A bishop who published the case against himself first, in full, so that nobody could say he had softened it.

Catch rate: Not found in the wild
Base research: 358
Stat total: 358

Base stats

Every stat is a checkable fact about the actual book, not a designer's mood. Bars are drawn against the highest value any book reaches.

Stamina92

Contend88

Defend104

Popularity74

Total358

Why these numbers

The game's own explanation, as a reader sees it in the backpack.

Stamina 92

Short, and built to be answered. Jewel published it in Latin so that every scholar in Europe could take a swing at it, and then survived twelve years of them doing so.

Contend 88

It does not defend the English church so much as prosecute the case against it, at length, and then take the case apart.

Defend 104

Very high, and earned by structure: every charge is stated in full before it is answered, so nothing is left to surprise him.

Popularity 74

Latin, official, and read by governments. It travels well and it never travels fast.

Cited for this book

John Jewel, bishop of Salisbury, wrote this in Latin in 1562. Anne Cooke Bacon translated it into English two years later, and hers is the version England read. The charge was that the English reformers had started a new church. Jewel answered that they had returned to the old one, and that the way to settle it was to open the fathers and look.

Moves learned

By levelling up. A book that develops keeps what it knew and learns the rest on its new schedule.

Lv	Move	Type	Cat.	Pwr	Acc	PP
1	Speak Latin	History	Status	—	100%	5
1	A Stranger in the World	History	Argument	74	100%	15
1	Random Verse	Bible	Argument	10	100%	30
37	Affirm	—	Status	—	—	1
38	Chapter…	Bible	Scripture	—	—	12
38	Unity Is No Mark	Ecclesiology	Argument	92	100%	5
39	Heresy Is No Light Word	Ecclesiology	Argument	82	100%	10
40	Departed from the Errors	Ecclesiology	Argument	90	100%	5
41	Wasps Make Combs Too	Ecclesiology	Argument	78	100%	15
43	Galatia Went Amiss	History	Argument	84	100%	10
45	None Other Force	History	Argument	86	100%	10

The quotes behind its moves

How to read these. In Scholar’s Dream, books argue with each other. Each thing a book can do in a debate is a move, and most moves carry a real quotation — the words the book puts on the table when it uses that move.

Strong against lists the opposing books and arguments a move was written to answer. Used against one of them, it hits much harder than usual: ×2 means twice the normal force, ×4 four times. It is the game’s way of saying: this is the sentence that answers that argument. Open an entry to read why.

“It hath been an old complaint, even from the first time of the patriarchs and Prophets, and confirmed by the writings and testimonies of every age, that the truth wandereth here and there as a stranger in the world, and doth readily find enemies and slanderers amongst those that know her not.”
Jewel, An Apology of the Church of England (1562), trans. Anne Cooke Bacon 1564, ed. Henry Morley (Cassell, 1888), public domain.public domain

A Stranger in the World

HistoryArgument · power 74 · 100% accurate

In the gameBefore the argument starts, a plain reminder: being hated is not evidence, and a loud charge is not a true one. The truth has been shouted down in every century.

Strong against

×2.5Known by Its Fruitsan argument · why?

The truth has always found slanderers. That is not a defence of the wreckage; it is a warning about reading noise as evidence.

“For in him we live, and move, and have our being. As some of your own poets have said.”
Acts 17:28 (WEB) — Paul at the Areopagus, quoting the Athenians’ own poets back to them.

Affirm

Status

In the gamePick the part of the opponent’s case that is true and affirm it. That point can no longer be used against you, and the opponent’s Defend falls sharply. It deals no damage. Affirm something false and you have only agreed with an error.

“Of a truth, unity and concord doth best become religion: yet is not unity the sure and certain mark whereby to know the Church of God. For there was the greatest consent that might be amongst them that worshipped the golden calf; and among them which with one voice jointly cried against our Saviour Jesus Christ, ‘Crucify Him.’”
Jewel, An Apology of the Church of England (1562), trans. Anne Cooke Bacon 1564, ed. Henry Morley (Cassell, 1888), public domain.public domain

Unity Is No Mark

EcclesiologyArgument · power 92 · 100% accurate

In the gameGrants the whole of the premise and refuses the conclusion. Concord is good and it is not a test — because the people at the foot of the golden calf had it, and so did the crowd outside Pilate’s door.

Strong against

×3Known by Its Fruitsan argument · why?

Their disagreement is real. It is not what settles whether they are right.

×3The Consent of the Fathersan argument · why?

Agreement is not the test, and he has been assuming it is for the whole conversation.

×3The Most Ancient Customan argument · why?

The golden calf had unanimity. So did the crowd outside Pilate’s door.

“For heresy is a forsaking of salvation, a renouncing of God’s grace, a departing from the body and spirit of Christ.”
Jewel, An Apology of the Church of England (1562), trans. Anne Cooke Bacon 1564, ed. Henry Morley (Cassell, 1888), public domain.public domain

Heresy Is No Light Word

EcclesiologyArgument · power 82 · 100% accurate

In the gameMakes the accuser carry his own charge. Heresy is not an insult and not a filing category — it is the claim that a man has walked out of salvation, and a claim that size has to be proved rather than shouted.

Strong against

×2Known by Its Fruitsan argument · why?

Make him say what he is actually charging.

“…whose errors were proved and made manifest to the world, which Church also had already evidently departed from God’s word: and yet not to depart so much from itself, as from the errors thereof…”
Jewel, An Apology of the Church of England (1562), trans. Anne Cooke Bacon 1564, ed. Henry Morley (Cassell, 1888), public domain. (trimmed quote)public domain

Departed from the Errors

EcclesiologyArgument · power 90 · 100% accurate

In the gameThe schism answer, put precisely enough to be argued with. Leaving an error inside a body is not leaving the body — and the errors left first.

Strong against

×4The Charge of Schisman argument · why?

Puts it precisely enough to be argued with: leaving an error inside a body is not leaving the body — and the errors left first.

“For the wasps also make honey-combs as well as bees, and wicked men have companies like to the Church of God…”
Jewel, An Apology of the Church of England (1562), trans. Anne Cooke Bacon 1564, ed. Henry Morley (Cassell, 1888), public domain.public domain

Wasps Make Combs Too

EcclesiologyArgument · power 78 · 100% accurate

In the gameThe name of a thing is not the thing. A company can have the shape of a church, the officers of a church and the word church on its door, and the question of whether it is one stays open.

Strong against

×2The Charge of Schisman argument · why?

The name of a thing is not the thing.

“…might the Churches of the Galatians and Corinthians go amiss, and the Church of Rome alone may not fail, nor go amiss?”
Jewel, An Apology of the Church of England (1562), trans. Anne Cooke Bacon 1564, ed. Henry Morley (Cassell, 1888), public domain. (trimmed quote)public domain

Galatia Went Amiss

HistoryArgument · power 84 · 100% accurate

In the gameAn argument made entirely out of the New Testament’s own mail. Paul wrote to churches he had planted to tell them they had gone wrong. Name the church that was promised it could not.

Strong against

×2.5The Charge of Schisman argument · why?

Paul wrote to churches he planted to tell them they had gone wrong. Name the one that was promised it could not.

“Thus did the holy fathers always fight against the heretics with none other force than with the Holy Scriptures.”
Jewel, An Apology of the Church of England (1562), trans. Anne Cooke Bacon 1564, ed. Henry Morley (Cassell, 1888), public domain.public domain

None Other Force

HistoryArgument · power 86 · 100% accurate

In the gameA claim about method, and it is checkable. When the fathers fought heretics they did not produce a register of bishops; they opened the book. Jewel names Augustine against Petilian and invites you to go and look.

Strong against

×2.5On Baptisma book · why?

Jewel quotes Augustine against Petilian the Donatist for this very point: not “I say, you say,” but “Thus says the Lord.”

×2.5The Charge of Noveltyan argument · why?

Method, not date. Show him the fathers doing what you are doing.

×2.5The Consent of the Fathersan argument · why?

The fathers’ own method, turned on the man citing them.

What answers it

The specific move or chapter of Scripture that cuts through this one, and why. The number is how much harder it hits than usual — ×4 is four times the normal force.

His Body in One Place×2.5

Jewel gives this very saying of Augustine’s in his Apology: Christ’s Godhead is everywhere, but his body must be in one place.

One Chair×2.5

Jewel cites Cyprian in the Apology for the same point: the apostles were equal, and the bishop’s office is one. He reads it against the pope’s claim.

Read it: The Truth Wanders as a Stranger

The passages the Scriptorium holds on screen, word for word from a public-domain translation. Written in Latin.

“It hath been an old complaint, even from the first time of the patriarchs and Prophets, and confirmed by the writings and testimonies of every age, that the truth wandereth here and there as a stranger in the world, and doth readily find enemies and slanderers amongst those that know her not.”
Jewel, An Apology of the Church of England (1562), trans. Anne Cooke Bacon 1564, ed. Henry Morley (Cassell, 1888), public domain.

“Of a truth, unity and concord doth best become religion: yet is not unity the sure and certain mark whereby to know the Church of God. For there was the greatest consent that might be amongst them that worshipped the golden calf; and among them which with one voice jointly cried against our Saviour Jesus Christ, ‘Crucify Him.’”
Jewel, An Apology of the Church of England (1562), trans. Anne Cooke Bacon 1564, ed. Henry Morley (Cassell, 1888), public domain.

“For the wasps also make honey-combs as well as bees, and wicked men have companies like to the Church of God…”
Jewel, An Apology of the Church of England (1562), trans. Anne Cooke Bacon 1564, ed. Henry Morley (Cassell, 1888), public domain.

“Thus did the holy fathers always fight against the heretics with none other force than with the Holy Scriptures.”
Jewel, An Apology of the Church of England (1562), trans. Anne Cooke Bacon 1564, ed. Henry Morley (Cassell, 1888), public domain.

Notes

Written in Latin in 1562 by the Bishop of Salisbury, and Englished two years later by Anne Cooke Bacon — a woman’s translation, published with the bishops’ approval, and the version England actually read.

The charge was that the English reformers had founded a new church. Jewel’s answer is that they had returned to the old one, and that the way to settle it is to open the fathers and look.

Unity is no mark, he says, and reaches for the golden calf and the crowd shouting “Crucify Him” — the two most unanimous gatherings in the Bible.